- London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. - Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. - London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. - London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile medieval boundaries. - Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. - The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region he bulk of this conurbation forms the London region governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.